Isaiah 53 is the only text Christians have to back up their story about a suffering and dying messiah.
The only problem is: There is no messiah whatsoever to be found in Isaiah 53.
For the finer details, look here:
http://www.geocities.com/Metzad/Isaiah53.htmEliyahu
Well that is certainly not true, regardless of what you believe.
Here are some Messianic Christophanies for you .
Future calling of the remnant.
Zec 12:10 And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for [his] only [son], and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for [his] firstborn.
Killing of the Good Shephard:
Zec 13:7 ¶ Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man [that is] my fellow, saith the LORD of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones.
God telling David that the Messiah will be His (God's) Son from the line of David:
1Ch 17:10 And since the time that I commanded judges [to be] over my people Israel. Moreover I will subdue all thine enemies. Furthermore I tell thee that the LORD will build thee an house.
1Ch 17:11 And it shall come to pass, when thy days be expired that thou must go [to be] with thy fathers, that I will raise up thy seed after thee, which shall be of thy sons; and I will establish his kingdom.
1Ch 17:12 He shall build me an house, and I will stablish his throne for ever.
1Ch 17:13 I will be his father, and he shall be my son: and I will not take my mercy away from him, as I took [it] from [him] that was before thee: 1Ch 17:14 But I will settle him in mine house and in my kingdom for ever: and his throne shall be established for evermore.
AND AGAIN:
Psa 2:7 I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said unto me, Thou [art] my Son; this day have I begotten thee. Psa 2:8 Ask of me, and I shall give [thee] the heathen [for] thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth [for] thy possession.
Psa 2:9 Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.
Psa 2:10 Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth.
Psa 2:11 Serve the LORD with fear, and rejoice with trembling.
MESSISAH to be killed among His brethren.
Psa 22:1 ¶ [[To the chief Musician upon Aijeleth Shahar, A Psalm of David.]] My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? [why art thou so] far from helping me, [and from] the words of my roaring?
Psa 22:2 O my God, I cry in the daytime, but thou hearest not; and in the night season, and am not silent.
Psa 22:3 But thou [art] holy, [O thou] that inhabitest the praises of Israel.
Psa 22:4 Our fathers trusted in thee: they trusted, and thou didst deliver them.
Psa 22:5 They cried unto thee, and were delivered: they trusted in thee, and were not confounded.
Psa 22:6 But I [am] a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised of the people.
Psa 22:7 All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head, [saying],
Psa 22:8 He trusted on the LORD [that] he would deliver him: let him deliver him, seeing he delighted in him.
Psa 22:9 But thou [art] he that took me out of the womb: thou didst make me hope [when I was] upon my mother's breasts.
Psa 22:10 I was cast upon thee from the womb: thou [art] my God from my mother's belly.
Psa 22:11 Be not far from me; for trouble [is] near; for [there is] none to help. NO ONE WILL HELP HIM.
Psa 22:12 Many bulls have compassed me: strong [bulls] of Bashan have beset me round.
Psa 22:13 They gaped upon me [with] their mouths, [as] a ravening and a roaring lion. THEY WILL MOCK HIM
Psa 22:14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels. WATER WILL FLOW OUT FROM HIS BODY
Psa 22:15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death. HE WILL SUFFER UNTIL TOTALLY DEHYDRATED AND MADE INTO DUST.....
Psa 22:16 For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet. HANDS AND FEET PIERCED
Psa 22:17 I may tell all my bones: they look [and] stare upon me.
Psa 22:18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture. CAST LOTS FOR HIS CLOTHING
Psa 22:19 But be not thou far from me, O LORD: O my strength, haste thee to help me.
Psa 22:20 Deliver my soul from the sword; my darling from the power of the dog.
Psa 22:21 Save me from the lion's mouth: for thou hast heard me from the horns of the unicorns.
Psa 22:22 I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee. HE WILL PRAISE HIS FATHER IN SPITE OF HIS SUFFERING
Psa 2:12 Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish [from] the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed [are] all they that put their trust in him.
So there are more prophecies concerning a suffering Messiah apart from Isaiah. Even from the root of Jesse. Regarding the length of time, that was the mystery Kingdom which is outlined by Paul; so it is true that no one forsaw this apart from Daniel and the 69th week, 70th week prophecy...and he did not know the length of time nor did the apostles or prophets.
So you are correct in saying that the OT did not tell us the length of time of the lapse between first coming and second coming; this was all mystery kingdom doctrine that is explained in the NT but is not given a time period however is substatiated by Daniel the prophet.
The story of Abraham and Issac gives us a clear picture of the requirement for sin, which is the death of a son by the father. This sacrifice was of course stopped because Issac was not sinless and could not fulfill the sacrificial lamb role; but does foreshadow the Lamb of God who is Jesus.
Anyway, further study will show that Isaiah was not uniquely told of the suffering Messiah.